Gambaran Faktor Resiko Hygiene Terhadap Demam Tifoid
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Abstract
Latar Belakang : Demam tifoid adalah penyakit demam akut yang disebabkan oleh Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (Typhi). Manusia adalah satu-satunya inang dan reservoir untuk Typhi, dan penularan terjadi melalui konsumsi makanan atau air yang terkontaminasi tinja. Secara global, ada sekitar 12 juta kasus dan 128.000 kematian setiap tahun, dengan hampir semua beban terkonsentrasi di negara berpenghasilan rendah dan menengah. Di Indonesia, sebuah penelitian yang dilakukan di daerah kumuh Jakarta memperkirakan angka kejadian tifus sebesar 148,7 per 100.000 orang-tahun pada kelompok usia 2–4 tahun, 180,3 pada kelompok usia 5–15 tahun dan 51,2 pada kelompok usia di atas 16 tahun. tahun, dengan usia rata-rata onset 10,2 tahun.
Metode : Pencarian dilakukan melalui PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, dan Google Scholar menggunakan kata kunci seperti gambaran faktor hygiene terhadap demam tifoid. 30 jurnal yang diterbitkan setidaknya 5 tahun yang lalu diperoleh. Kriteria jurnal nasional terakreditasi dan jurnal internasional terakreditasi Scopus maupun non Scopus.
Hasil : Berdasarkan 30 Jurnal yang dianalisis oleh penulis dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat 4 gambaran faktor hygiene terhadap demam tifoid meliputi air bersih sebanyak 22 jurnal, pola hidup bersih sebanyak 18 jurnal, makanan sebanyak 14 jurnal, dan sanitasi sebanyak 17 jurnal
Kesimpulan : Dari literature riview artikel yang didapatkan, terdapat 4 gambaran faktor hygiene terhadap demam tifoid. Insiden tersebut meliputi air bersih, pola hidup bersih, makanan, dan sanitasi.
Keyword : “Tifoid”, “Hygiene terhadap tifoid”, ‘’the effect of cleanliness on typhoid”, ‘’Prevention of Typhoid’’, ‘’Risk Factors for Typhoid’’.
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