Studi Faktor Resiko Preeklamsia terhadap Kejadian Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR)

Abstract

Introduction: The number of infant mortality rates (IMR) in Indonesia still receives serious attention in health. The risk of increased infant mortality rates was found in infants with low birth weight. This happened because the baby will have growth and development problems, so they are more at risk of getting the disease. One of the causes of low-birth-weight babies is a history of preeclampsia during pregnancy. Objective: This study aims to determine the risk of preeclampsia on the increase in the incidence of low birth weight at the hospital. Method: This research method is observational with a cross-sectional design and using medical records at the hospital from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2019 by comparing groups of pregnant women with mild and severe preeclampsia. Results and Discussion: Data obtained from medical records amounted to 210 people. The results showed a relationship between preeclampsia and the incidence of low birth weight (p = 0.000; r = 0.46). In addition, the risk of low-birth-weight infants in severe preeclampsia was higher than mild preeclampsia (OR = 11.5). Conclusion: This study concludes that the history of preeclampsia in pregnant women will increase the incidence of LBW babies. In addition, pregnant women with severe preeclampsia are 11.5 times more likely to have low birth weight babies than those with mild preeclampsia.