LBP Analisis Faktor Risiko Low Back Pain pada Petani Low Back Pain, LBP, faktor risiko, Petani.
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Abstract
Latar Belakang : Indonesia merupakan negara agraris, dimana sebagian besar masyarakat Indonesia bermata pencaharian sebagai petani. Pekerjaan pertanian mempunyai tingkat ketegangan yang tinggi dan melibatkan banyak gerakan repetisi. Dalam studi tahun 2019 yang dilakukan oleh Kee et al., tingkat nyeri muskuloskeletal di kalangan petani sangat tinggi yaitu sebesar 97,2%, dimana LBP berkontribusi sebesar 58,7%. Faktor risiko biomekanik yang menyebabkan LBP antara lain postur punggung bawah yang tidak tepat, angkat beban yang berat, pekerjaan yang berulang-ulang, dan getaran seluruh tubuh dari mesin pertanian. Faktor psikologis, pada gilirannya, termasuk stres, kecemasan, dan depresi. Analisis faktor risiko diperlukan untuk meminimalkan potensi penyakit akibat kerja pada petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis faktor risiko Low Back Pain (LBP) pada Petani. Metode : Pencarian dilakukan melalui Google Scholars, PubMed, Cochrane Library, ResearchGate dan Science Direct dengan batas waktu publikasi dalam 5 tahun terakhir. Didapatkan 32 jurnal yang memuat topik faktor risiko LBP pada petani. Hasil : Berdasarkan 32 jurnal didapatkan faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya Low Back Pain terbagi atas faktor pekerjaan dan non pekerjaan. Diskusi : Faktor risiko LBP pada tenaga kerja terbagi atas faktor pekerjaan dan faktor non pekerjaan. Faktor risiko akibat pekerjaan antara lain pengalamn kerja, psikologis, repetisi dan postur tubuh yang kurang tepat. Faktor risiko non-pekerjaan meliputi jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh (BMI), dan merokok. Kesimpulan : Faktor risiko terjadinya Low Back Pain (LBP) Pada Petani disebakan oleh berbagai hal yang terdiri dari faktor pekerjaan dan non-pekerjaan.
Kata Kunci : Low Back Pain, LBP, faktor risiko, Petani.
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