Faktor Risiko Obesitas Dengan Low Back Pain Kronis : Tinjauan Sistematik
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Abstract
Low Back Pain (LBP) merupakan masalah kronis global yang mempengaruhi sistem muskuloskeletal dan sebagai penyebab utama disabilitas menahun yang dapat dialami oleh siapa saja. Faktor risiko terjadinya LBP antara lain usia, obesitas, jenis kelamin, faktor psikologi, cedera/ trauma, faktor pekerjaan dapat menyebabkan LBP. Sekitar 65% orang dengan obesitas mengalami keluhan LBP kronik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan obesitas sebagai faktor resiko penyebab terjadinya low back pain kronis. Penelitian ini menggunakan tinjauan pustaka sistematis (systematic review) dari beberapa sumber jurnal yang diperoleh melalui beberapa mesin pencari, yaitu cochrane dan pubmed. Kriteria jurnal internasional terakreditasi Scopus. Berdasarkan pencarian dari artikel didapatkan 23 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Dari 23 artikel, didapatkan 21 artikel menyebutkan bahwa obesitas berkaitan erat dengan risiko kejadian low back pain kronis, sedangkan 2 artikel lainnya obesitas atau indeks massa tubuh yang tinggi tidak mempengaruhi kejadian nyeri punggung bawah. Selain itu, dalam beberapa literatur didapatkan bahwa obesitas berkaitan dengan faktor lain seperti usia, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan dan aktvitas fisik yang menimbulkan kronisitas gejala dan keparahan pada Low back pain.
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