Analisis Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Osteoarthritis
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Abstract
Osteoartritis (OA) adalah penyakit sendi degeneratif kronis patologi dinamis dengan etiologi multifactorial dan faktor risiko dianggap terkait dengan penyakit osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis mempengaruhi 240 juta orang di seluruh dunia. Sekitar 10% pria dan 18% wanita. Individu dengan osteoartritis sering mengeluhkan nyeri sendi, kekakuan, dan keterbatasan fungsional, sehingga berpengaruh pada kualitas hidup penderita. Sehingga penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan terjadinya osteoarthritis. Mencari referensi di Google Scholars dan PubMed dengan waktu publikasi dalam kurun 5 tahun terakhir. Dalam pencarian jurnal menggunakan strategi PICO, yaitu P: adult, old, man, female. I: age, genetic, obesity, trauma, comorbids, gender. C: Diet, thick . O: Progresifitas Osteoarthritis, Diagnosis Osteoarthritis, Memperburuk Osteoarthritis. Berdasarkan 30 artikel didapatkan bahwa fator resiko dari osteoarthritis yang paling berpengaruh adalah Obesitas . Selain itu jenis kelamin , post cidera, usia , gnetic , komorbid dan aktivitas fisik mempengaruhi terhadap progresifitas dari osteoarthritis. Faktor resiko yang paling berpengaruh adalah Obesitas.Selain itu jenis kelamin berpengaruh dikarenakan berkurangnya hormn estrogen. Faktor aktiitas fsik, usia, genetic juga berpengaruh terhadap progresifitas dan kejadian osteoarthritis. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang berperan penting dalam terjadinya osteoarthritis yaitu usia, jenis kelamin dimana wanita lebih dominan, genetik, obesitas, komorbid, riwayat cidera serta aktivitas tertentu. Identifikasi dini faktor risiko diharapkan dapat mencegah kondisi pasien yang lebih buruk serta dalam kejadian osteoarthritis.
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